Are Assam’s Floods Natural or Man-Made?
To find out whether the floods that Assam faces every year are natural or man-made, Newsreel Asia producer Tej Bahadur Singh travels to Lakhimpur district, one of the worst-hit by floods. He meets a 47-year-old Toramai Pawe, an ASHA worker and daily wage laborer, in Assam’s Pahumara Ahom village, who has lived for decades, raising her children in a modest home built through years of toil. In May 2025, a sudden flood, triggered by water released without warning from the Ranganadi Dam, swept through her village. Her husband, Biren, drowned just steps from their home, leaving Toramai in grief and despair. Their crops, belongings, and vital documents were washed away, joining the losses of countless others in their community. Across Assam, floods this year have affected 6.3 lakh people in 22 districts, claiming 26 lives and damaging 12,610 hectares of cropland.
To find out whether the floods that Assam faces every year are natural or man-made, Newsreel Asia producer Tej Bahadur Singh travels to Lakhimpur district, one of the worst-hit by floods. He meets a 47-year-old Toramai Pawe, an ASHA worker and daily wage laborer, in Assam’s Pahumara Ahom village, who has lived for decades, raising her children in a modest home built through years of toil. In May 2025, a sudden flood, triggered by water released without warning from the Ranganadi Dam, swept through her village. Her husband, Biren, drowned just steps from their home, leaving Toramai in grief and despair. Their crops, belongings, and vital documents were washed away, joining the losses of countless others in their community. Across Assam, floods this year have affected 6.3 lakh people in 22 districts, claiming 26 lives and damaging 12,610 hectares of cropland. For decades, Assam’s floodplains have been both a source of life and loss, with an average of 2.6 million people impacted annually. Districts like Lakhimpur and Dhemaji, downstream of the Ranganadi Dam, face devastating flash floods caused by sudden water releases from NEEPCO’s hydroelectric projects. These man-made disasters, compounded by a lack of early warnings and inadequate research, have turned fertile lands into zones of destruction. Families like Toramai’s lose not only their homes and livelihoods but also their sense of security. As infrastructure controls rivers without regard for communities, the floods in Assam reveal a deeper crisis—one where nature’s cycles are worsened by human hands, leaving millions to rebuild from nothing.
Inside Assam’s Bulldozer Politics Against Bengali-Speaking Muslims
Suleman Ali lived his entire life in Hasila Beel, a village in Assam’s Goalpara district. He built his home brick by brick over years of labor, married off his daughters there, and believed his documents proved he belonged. But one morning in June 2025, bulldozers reduced it all to rubble.
In Goalpara alone, over three thousand families lost their homes within two months, according to a local journalist who reported from the eviction sites. Statewide, nearly 50,000 people have been displaced since 2021. Suleman is one of thousands displaced in Assam’s eviction drives, where entire villages — many inhabited by Bengali-speaking Muslims — have been demolished without notice or rehabilitation. The government calls it land reclamation; families call it erasure.
Behind each eviction lies more than lost homes. It is a loss of dignity, citizenship, and security — a reminder that in Assam today, land often matters more than the people who live on it.
Exploited Women Workers of Assam’s Tea Industry
Neeta Oraon lives in Nazira, a small town in Assam’s Sibsagar district. At 27, she has already spent more than a decade working in a tea garden. Her dream of becoming a nurse gave way early to the demands of poverty, debt, and family survival. She now works long hours under the sun, earning 250 rupees a day while caring for her ailing mother. Like Neeta, thousands of women in Assam’s tea gardens remain trapped in cycles of generational hardship and unseen labour.
Is Nationalism Splitting Communities in Assam?
In Assam’s Morigaon district, Jamal Uddin, a madrasa teacher from Borbori, still carries the trauma of the 1983 Nellie massacre over alleged illegal immigrants. He lost his mother, brother and sister, who were among an estimated 2,000 to 3,000 people, mostly Bengali-speaking Muslims, who were killed in a matter of hours. The issue of illegal immigration from Bangladesh remains deeply contentious in the state’s politics and society. Successive governments have carried out actions in the name of anti-terror measures, targeting the minority Muslim community and fuelling widespread suspicion against it.